chapter 14 assessment

Chapter 14, Section 1

1. How large is the land area of Russia?

Russia's land area is around 6.6 million square miles. It is the largest country in the world.

2. What are Russia’s natural resources?

Russia's natural resources are mineral reserves, fossil fuels, coal, nickel, aluminum, gemstones, platinum-group metals, timber, and fish.

Creative Writing: Many people are not aware that so much of the world’s forest land lies on Russian soil. Write a paragraph designed to persuade people of the importance of preserving Russian forests.

Did you know that Russia has the second largest forest are in the world? Did you know that around 40 million acres of that forest is being cut down each year? The loss of forest in Russia is more than the loss of forest in the Amazon. We need to save these forests so that there will be forests in the future.

Chapter 14, Section 2

1. What are Russia’s major climates?

Russia's major climates are Tundra, subarctic, humid continental, and steppe.

2. What kinds of natural vegetation are found in each of Russia’s climate regions?

In the tundra climate there are no trees only mosses, lichens, algae, and dwarf shrubs live in the tundra. In the subarctic region includes an expanding forest that covers the size of the untied states. In the humid continental climate there are many farms and forests. In the steppe climate many new and foreign plants have crowded out the native plant species that use to flourish there.

Creative Writing: Imagine you are a member of Napoleon’s army invading Russia in 1812. In the form of a journal entry, write a day in your life on the march through Russia’s cold winter.

It is June 1812. We have been marching for 10 days. No food and little sleep have started to make some of us unstable and cranky. John almost killed Paul in a moment of insanity. The cold has also had us frozen. We can not make a fire because it would just be blown out in an instant by the wind and snow. How I wish to return home and be with my family, yet I can not. Again we march and march till it seems as if my legs will fall off and become ice. I am writing this journal so that people will know of this awful day.

Sincerely your solder.

chapter 13 assessment

Chapter 13, Section 1

1. What are three of the reasons major economic changes are taking place in Europe?

Three of the reasons that major economic changes are taking place in Europe are tourism, the industrial revolution, and fertile land.

2. Identify changes in the economies, farming techniques, and communications in eastern Europe since the fall of communism in 1989.

The changes in farming since the fall of communism has been noticed. Old equipment and lack of farmers resulted in less crops, but now many private owned farms have changed farming. The economies have changed by growing numbers in workers. And communications have definitely changed after the fall of communism by the rise of cell phones and televisions.

Creative Writing: Write a paragraph agreeing or disagreeing with the statement: As Europe develops a more unified, service-oriented economy, it is more important for nations to develop more efficient communications systems than to develop more efficient transportation systems.

I disagree with that statement because Europe should create a better transportation system. Just because it would be more beneficial in a crisis if the railways were updates. Also it would be better so that there is not too much traffic blocking the transportation systems. Also if the communication fails in a city people could take transportation to help get a message across.

Chapter 13, Section 2

1. What are three of the ways industry and farming practices have affected Europe’s environment?

Three of the ways industry and farming practices have affected Europe's environment are soil erosion, acid rain, and air and water pollution.

2. What steps have been taken by the European Union to protect Europe’s environment?

Some of the steps that have been taken by the European Union to Protect Europe's environment are reforestation, managing the cutting of trees, and strict rules on the out put of fossil fuels into the environment.

Creative Writing: Write a paragraph to agree or disagree with the statement: The pollution laws and controls put in place by members of the European Union are all that is necessary to protect the environment in Europe today and in the future.

I disagree with the statement, because in order for them to help protect their environment there needs to be more things to help them. For example, there should be more strict rules on pollution problems. Also in order for some of the CO2 to be taken out of the environment they should start planting more trees. Which they already are. Air and water pollution are serious problems and should not be taken lightly.

Chapter 12 assessment

Chapter 12, Section 1

1. Over the past 100 years, how has immigration influenced the populations of countries in Northern Europe?

Over the past 100 years immigration has influenced the populations of Northern Europe by greatly increasing. Throughout the last 100 years the countries of northern Europe have welcomed large immigration of people.

2. How has physical geography helped shape the population patterns of northern Europe?

In areas with more fertile land and warmer climates, people mostly flock to. For example England and Ireland. Yet, in countries with more mountains and colder climates the people have adapted by living closer to the coast. For example, Norway and Sweden.

Creative Writing: Although they do not all provide the same benefits to their citizens, all the Countries in northern Europe are welfare states. Education, health-care, unemployment benefits, disability payments, retirement benefits, child care, parental leave, and housing subsidies may be guaranteed by the government. Write a paragraph comparing some of the advantages and disadvantages of living in a country that is a welfare state.

Some of the advantages of living in a welfare state is that your health care is provided by the government. Also that you know that your child will be taught a proper education for at least ten years of his/her life. Some of the disadvantages of having a welfare state is that people who don't work will just rely on the government for money. Also your house may be chosen by the government.

Chapter 12, Section 2

1. What are three ways that religion has helped shaped the history and governments in western Europe?

Three ways that religion has helped shaped the history and government of western Europe are the fall of the Roman Empire, the Crusades, and the Reformation.

2. How did World War II help shape the population patterns of western Europe?

World War II helped shape the population patterns of western Europe by killing over 6 million Jews.

Creative Writing: The people of western Europe have a high standard of living, and governments provide citizens with medical care, maternity and retirement benefits, and other services. The population in Western Europe is aging, with declining birthrates and death rates. Write a paragraph about some of the social problems Western Europe may face in the next twenty-five years.

Some of the social problems that western Europe may face in the next 25 years are more people may undergo health care provided by the country, making the country go into debt. Also if people are getting maternity benefits, that may influence people to have more children. Making the population of the country larger.

Chapter 12, Section 3

1. What are some of the effects on the population patterns and cultures of southern European countries, now that immigration is outpacing emigration?

Some of the effects on the population patterns are that southern Europe is growing bigger. Also the urban areas of the countries are greatly increasing in size.

2. What are three of the cultural elements that are shared by most of the people in southern Europe?

Three of the cultural elements that are shared by most of the people in southern Europe are they all love soccer, they were all apart of the Roman Empire, and they all share the religion of Christianity.

Creative Writing: Write a paragraph describing some of the ways that the culture of ancient Rome still influences southern Europe.

Some of the major influences of the Roman empire still are seen in Southern Europe. As in the art and architecture that are seen throughout all the countries. Also the christian and catholic cathedrals that were made during that time era. Some of the countries national languages are from the Latin language, the language of the Roman empire.